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KMID : 0870520000040020131
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Journal of Korean Academy of Addiction Psychiatry
2000 Volume.4 No. 2 p.131 ~ p.147
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Smoking Behaviors of Alcohol Dependent Patients and Changes in Smoking Behaviors after some Period of Sobriety - Cross-sectional Study -
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Jung Sung-Chul
Oh Dong-Yul
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Abstract
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Objectives：The present study investigated the prevalence of cigarette smoking among alcohol dependent patients, the
smoking behaviors, relationship between alcohol dependence and nicotine dependence in alcoholic patients, as well as
changes in smoking behaviors after some period of sobriety.
Method：Questionnaires for studying the relationship between alcohol dependence and nicotine dependence were administered to 132 male alcoholic inpatients in two mental hospitals.
Results：1) Among 132 male alcoholic inpatients, 96.9% of them were current smokers. their mean smoking rate was 20
cigarettes per day and their mean score of nicotine dependence scored by FTND was 5.28 (±2.16). Among 127 smoking male alcoholic inpatients, the rate of cigarette smoking after sobriety shows no changes in 49.1% of them, increases in 24.6%, decreases in 21.9%. Smoking rate before admission was negatively correlated with the changes in smoking rate after admission. Namely, who had smoked more heavily before admission smoked less frequently since admitted and vice versa. Drinking amount for three years before admission was negatively correlated with current smoking rate and drinking amount for a month before admission was positively correlated with current FTND score. 2) The earlier they had experienced drinking or had come to enjoy it, the earlier they had experienced smoking and the higher their current FTND score is. The earlier they had experienced cigarette smoking, the higher in alcohol dependence. 3) Among 127 smoking male alcoholic inpatients, that he can try to quit smoking right now or in a month. 55.9% of smoking male alcoholic inpatients reported that it would be more difficult to give up cigarettes than alcohol. We imagine that the higher smoking rate before admission and current time is the major contributing factor to that difficulty. 47.2% of patients believe that cigarette smoking relieves their urge to drink. They look their smoking more positively and they had more previous episode of alcohol abstinence attempts. 35.7% of patients replied that they often had urges to drink when smoking. They had higher alcohol dependence score and more previous episode of alcohol abstinence attempts. 63.5% of patients was cooperative to the plan of ‘smoking-free’ policy but, 36.5% of patients was resistant. The cooperative patients had lower nicotine dependence score and lower rate of cigarette smoking before admission. 4) There’s no differences in smoking rate and FTND score according to the period of sobriety until eight month after sobriety. but, 4 months after sobriety smoking rate tends to be declined. As the period of sobriety prolonged, the percentage of patients believing that cigarette smoking relieves their urge to drink and considering their smoking positively increased. 77.1% of them had the history of smoking cessation attempts or the concern about quitting smoking. 30 patients replied.
Conclusions：This results suggest that it is needed to consider individual differences, to strengthen their motivation and to induce active involvement of the patient to the smoking treatment. Three or four months after sobriety can be a critical period for above intervention.
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KEYWORD
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Alcoholism, Smoking, Sobriety, Intervention
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